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51.
在组织部队联合投送时需综合利用多种投送方式,合理确定各种投送方式的分担率十分重要,传统上多用定性方法确定,随意性较大。采用多项 LOGIT 模型,结合 AHP 分析法,对部队组织联合投送时各种投送方式的分担率进行了预测,为合理选择各种投送方式、拟制部队投送计划方案提供科学依据。 相似文献
52.
随着深圳市城市轨道交通快速发展,到2011年将形成179 km轨道交通网络.在轨道网络格局中,通过对主变电所资源共享研究,提出主变电所布局方案,即:减少主变电站的设置数量,电力部门供电资源优化利用、合理布局.可大量减少投资成本,包括工程建设成本,设备管理和运营管理成本. 相似文献
53.
目前,传统的铁路专用线建设模式是铁路专用线自接轨站接轨,通过区间正线引入厂区的建设模式,这种模式的区间正线受地形条件、厂区位置和沿线规划影响较大,这些影响将不可避免地导致铁路专用线建设工程投资的增加,如能根据运输性质考虑缩短区间正线长度,在接轨站旁边设装车作业站,将大大减少专用线工程投资.以乾元公司铁路专用线建设模式为例来研究铁路专用线场站模式,就如何在接轨站旁边设装车作业站,实现接轨站设备与铁路专用线共用进行探讨. 相似文献
54.
赵月 《现代城市轨道交通》2015,(1):67-68,73
近年来城市轨道交通行业迅速发展,城市轨道交通线网规划的理念不断更新,为集约利用城市交通空间,各地业主开始思考城市轨道交通与市政交通空间共享的可能。从分析交通空间共享可能性入手,通过举例分析各种通道共享方式的可行性,提出城市轨道交通共享通道的规划建议。 相似文献
55.
秘密分享是信息安全和密码学的重要研究课题,对通信密钥管理和计算机网络安全具有重要意义。本文针对现有的多秘密分享方案不能有效地防止分发者和分享者的欺骗,以及子秘密恢复时计算复杂量大等问题,在基于离散对数与因式分解难题上,提出一种具有广义接入结构的高效的多秘密分享方案。该方案具有如下特点：可高效地检测秘密管理者与分享者的欺诈行为;秘密管理者只需公开少量数据就可动态地增加一个新子秘密;采用并行算法恢复子秘密;可高效地增加或删除成员,无需重新计算其他成员的秘密份额。该方案可在分布式会议秘密分配、安全分布式计算、电子商务等领域应用。 相似文献
56.
To determine the spatial distribution of rental stations and bikeways in a public bike system, this paper proposes a facility location and network design model. The model is developed as a multi-objective programing problem that considers four objectives (minimizing cyclist risk, maximizing cyclist comfort, minimizing adverse impacts on traffic and maximizing service coverage) and multiple constraints (monetary budget, network connectivity, station spacing, bikeway types, station number and value ranges of decision variables). The ε-constraint method solves the programing problem for the public bike system in Daan District, Taipei City, Taiwan. The nine non-dominated alternatives generated are all markedly better than existing locations of rental stations and bikeways. Scenario analysis results indicate that increasing the construction budget for bikeways significantly improves cyclist safety and comfort whilst increasing the adverse impact on traffic. Planners can use this model to develop public bike systems that spatially integrate rental stations and bikeway networks. 相似文献
57.
Free-floating bike sharing (FFBS) is an innovative bike sharing model. FFBS saves on start-up cost, in comparison to station-based bike sharing (SBBS), by avoiding construction of expensive docking stations and kiosk machines. FFBS prevents bike theft and offers significant opportunities for smart management by tracking bikes in real-time with built-in GPS. However, like SBBS, the success of FFBS depends on the efficiency of its rebalancing operations to serve the maximal demand as possible.Bicycle rebalancing refers to the reestablishment of the number of bikes at sites to desired quantities by using a fleet of vehicles transporting the bicycles. Static rebalancing for SBBS is a challenging combinatorial optimization problem. FFBS takes it a step further, with an increase in the scale of the problem. This article is the first effort in a series of studies of FFBS planning and management, tackling static rebalancing with single and multiple vehicles. We present a Novel Mixed Integer Linear Program for solving the Static Complete Rebalancing Problem. The proposed formulation, can not only handle single as well as multiple vehicles, but also allows for multiple visits to a node by the same vehicle. We present a hybrid nested large neighborhood search with variable neighborhood descent algorithm, which is both effective and efficient in solving static complete rebalancing problems for large-scale bike sharing programs.Computational experiments were carried out on the 1 Commodity Pickup and Delivery Traveling Salesman Problem (1-PDTSP) instances used previously in the literature and on three new sets of instances, two (one real-life and one general) based on Share-A-Bull Bikes (SABB) FFBS program recently launched at the Tampa campus of University of South Florida and the other based on Divvy SBBS in Chicago. Computational experiments on the 1-PDTSP instances demonstrate that the proposed algorithm outperforms a tabu search algorithm and is highly competitive with exact algorithms previously reported in the literature for solving static rebalancing problems in SBSS. Computational experiments on the SABB and Divvy instances, demonstrate that the proposed algorithm is able to deal with the increase in scale of the static rebalancing problem pertaining to both FFBS and SBBS, while deriving high-quality solutions in a reasonable amount of CPU time. 相似文献
58.
ABSTRACTShared ride services allow riders to share a ride to a common destination. They include ridesharing (carpooling and vanpooling); ridesplitting (a pooled version of ridesourcing/transportation network companies); taxi sharing; and microtransit. In recent years, growth of Internet-enabled wireless technologies, global satellite systems, and cloud computing - coupled with data sharing – are causing people to increase their use of mobile applications to share a ride. Some shared ride services, such as carpooling and vanpooling, can provide transportation, infrastructure, environmental, and social benefits. This paper reviews common shared ride service models, definitions, and summarises existing North American impact studies. Additionally, we explore the convergence of shared mobility; electrification; and automation, including the potential impacts of shared automated vehicle (SAV) systems. While SAV impacts remain uncertain, many practitioners and academic research predict higher efficiency, affordability, and lower greenhouse gas emissions. The impacts of SAVs will likely depend on the number of personally owned automated vehicles; types of sharing (concurrent or sequential); and the future modal split among public transit, shared fleets, and pooled rides. We conclude the paper with recommendations for local governments and public agencies to help in managing the transition to highly automated vehicles and encouraging higher occupancy modes. 相似文献
59.
This paper begins by providing an overview of bike share programs, followed by a critical examination of the growing body of literature on these programs. This synthesis of previous works, both peer-reviewed and gray, includes an identification of the current gaps in knowledge related to the impacts of bike sharing programs. This synthesis represents a critically needed evaluation of the current state of global bike share research, in order to better understand, and maximize the effectiveness of current and future programs. Several consistent themes have emerged within the growing body of research on bike share programs. Firstly, the importance bike share members place on convenience and value for money appears paramount in their motivation to sign up and use these programs. Secondly, and somewhat counter intuitively, scheme members are more likely to own and use private bicycles than nonmembers. Thirdly, users demonstrate a greater reluctance to wear helmets than private bicycle riders and helmets have acted as a deterrent in jurisdictions in which helmets are mandatory. Finally, and perhaps most importantly from a sustainable transport perspective, the majority of scheme users are substituting from sustainable modes of transport rather than the car. 相似文献
60.
颜进;郑国华 《铁道科学与工程学报》2020,17(2):500-508
假定需求受供应商创新投入水平影响,在由2个供应商与1个零售商构成的2级供应链中,研究考虑供应中断与零售商损失规避行为下的供应链契约协调问题。分别分析分散决策与集中决策下的最优策略及协调情况,同时说明创新投入水平及订货量对供应链协调的影响,并构建创新成本共担期权契约下的供应链契约协调模型。研究结果表明,创新投入水平的提高能促使零售商增加其订货量,而订货量的增加也能激励供应商提高创新投入;期权订购价格、期权执行价格及创新成本共担比例满足一定条件下可实现供应链协调。最后,通过算例验证模型的有效性,并揭示供应中断概率及损失规避系数对最优策略的影响,分析契约协调参数之间的关系及不同契约参数组合下供应链的利润分配方式。 相似文献